Colon / Rectal Cancer

Colorectal cancer (CRC) is a disease that begins as abnormal growths, called polyps, in the tissues of the colon or rectum. It is one of the most frequently diagnosed cancers worldwide, but it is highly preventable and treatable when detected early through regular screening.

What Is Colorectal Cancer?

The colon and rectum make up the large intestine, which is the final part of the digestive system.

Colon Cancer: Starts in the colon (the longest part of the large intestine).
Rectal Cancer: Starts in the rectum (the last few inches of the large intestine before the anus).

How It Develops

Colorectal cancer almost always develops from precancerous polyps. These are abnormal growths of tissue or cells on the inner lining of the colon or rectum. While many polyps are benign (noncancerous), certain types, like adenomatous polyps, can slowly turn into cancer over several years if they are not removed.

Signs and Symptoms

In its early stages, colorectal cancer may not cause any noticeable symptoms. As the tumor or polyp grows, warning signs may begin to appear:

Changes in bowel habits: Diarrhea, constipation, or stools that are narrower than usual. u
Rectal bleeding: Bright red or very dark blood in your stool.
Abdominal discomfort: Ongoing cramps, gas, or pain in the lower belly area.

Prevention and Screening

Colorectal cancer is highly preventable. Screening tests (such as a colonoscopy) are essential because they allow doctors to find and remove precancerous polyps before they have a chance to turn into cancer. Furthermore, maintaining a healthy lifestyle, exercising, and eating a balanced, fiber-rich diet can help reduce your overall risk.

Robotic Surgery

Similar to laparoscopic surgery, this highly advanced technique provides the surgeon with a 3D view and enhanced precision using robotic arms.

Risk Factors

Age

The risk increases significantly as people get older.
Family History

Having a close relative with a history of colorectal cancer or polyps.
Lifestyle Factors

A diet high in red or processed meats, obesity, physical inactivity, smoking, and heavy alcohol consumption.
Medical History

Having inflammatory bowel diseases like ulcerative colitis or Crohn’s disease.
Genetic Syndromes

Inherited conditions like Lynch syndrome or Familial Adenomatous Polyposis (FAP).