Head & Neck Cancer
Head and neck cancers start in the moist tissues of the mouth, nose, throat, or voice box. Key details include common symptoms like a sore that does not heal, a lump in the neck, and major risk factors such as tobacco use and HPV infection.
Common Warning Signs
- Mouth sores: A sore on the tongue or gums that will not heal.
- Neck lumps: A new lump or mass felt in the neck area.
- Voice shifts: Ongoing hoarseness or trouble speaking clearly.
- Swallowing pain: Trouble or pain when you try to swallow food.
Major Risk Factors
- Tobacco and alcohol: Smoking, chewing tobacco, and drinking alcohol greatly raise your risk.
- HPV infection: A viral infection linked to many throat and back-of-the-mouth cancers.
- Betel quid (paan): Chewing traditional items like betel nut harms oral tissues.
Main Treatment Options
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Surgery
To remove the tumor tissue from the affected site.
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Radiation therapy
High-energy rays to kill cancer cells.
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Chemotherapy
Strong medicines used to stop cancer cell growth.